PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.